Order and Fluctuations in Collective Dynamics of Swimming Bacteria
Experimental Exploration of Active Matter Physics
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Beschreibung
This thesis focuses on experimental studies on collective motion using swimming bacteria as model active-matter systems. It offers comprehensive reviews of state-of-the-art theories and experiments on collective motion from the viewpoint of nonequilibrium statistical physics. The author presents his experimental studies on two major classes of collective motion that had been well studied theoretically. Firstly, swimming filamentous bacteria in a thin fluid layer are shown to exhibit true, long-range orientational order and anomalously strong giant density fluctuations, which are considered universal and landmark signatures of collective motion by many numerical and theoretical works but have never been observed in real systems. Secondly, chaotic bacterial turbulence in a three-dimensional dense suspension without any long-range order as described in the first half is demonstrated to be capable of achieving antiferromagnetic vortex order by imposing a small number of constraints withappropriate periodicity. The experimental results presented significantly advance our fundamental understanding of order and fluctuations in collective motion of motile elements and their future applications.
This thesis focuses on experimental studies on collective motion using swimming bacteria as model active-matter systems. It offers comprehensive reviews of state-of-the-art theories and experiments on collective motion from the viewpoint of nonequilibrium statistical physics. The author presents his experimental studies on two major classes of collective motion that had been well studied theoretically. Firstly, swimming filamentous bacteria in a thin fluid layer are shown to exhibit true, long-range orientational order and anomalously strong giant density fluctuations, which are considered universal and landmark signatures of collective motion by many numerical and theoretical works but have never been observed in real systems. Secondly, chaotic bacterial turbulence in a three-dimensional dense suspension without any long-range order as described in the first half is demonstrated to be capable of achieving antiferromagnetic vortex order by imposing a small number of constraints with appropriate periodicity. The experimental results presented significantly advance our fundamental understanding of order and fluctuations in collective motion of motile elements and their future applications.
Nominated as an outstanding PhD thesis by the University of Tokyo Presents a comprehensive review of standard theories on collective motion in active-matter systems from the perspective of nonequilibrium statistical physics Includes intuitive illustrations and an excellent introduction to the field of active matter physics Provides state-of-the-art interpretations of existing experiments in comparison with the standard theories that clarify the implications of these experiments as well as the confusing aspects of the theoretical interpretations
Autor*in
Daiki Nishiguchi
Themen in »Order and Fluctuations in Collective Dynamics of Swimming Bacteria«
Physics of Active Matter Nonequilibrium Collective Motion Self-propelled Particles Vicsek Model Microswimmer Anomalously Strong Giant Number Fluctuations Chaotic Bacterial Turbulence Self-organization in Collective Motion as Active Matter complexity