Effektivität intrakutan verabreichter Gelatinenanopartikel-gebundener CpG-ODN als lokales Therapeutikum bei Pferden mit Sommerekzem: Untersuchungen zu klinischen und antiinflammatorischen Effekten
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Beschreibung
"Effectiveness of intradermally administered gelatin nanoparticle-bound CpG-ODN as a local therapeutic agent in horses with sweet itch: studies on clinical and antiinflammatory effects"
The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of nanoparticle-bound CpG-ODN on ten horses suffering from sweet itch in the in vivo part. To this end, the animalswere treated with CpG-GNP twice within five weeks at intervals of two days between June and December 2020. The intracutaneous application was carried out at the two predilection sites of the mane ridge and tail rump. The in vitro part of the study investigated whether immunomodulatory effects could be detected as a result of treatment with CpG-GNP. The horses and ponies were generally examined at each of the five time points. The General examination was followed by a dermatological examination to determine the eczema scores. Furthermore, serum samples were taken from the horses to determine IgE antibody titres and the secretion of the cytokine IL-4. In addition, EDTA blood was obtained in order to incubate the PBMC isolated from these samples in three approaches with CpG-GNP, CpG-ODN and GNP and to investigate the immunostimulatory effect based on their proliferation rates and cytokine profiles (eIL-4, eIL-10, eIFN-ỿ). Furthermore, an intradermal test with five allergens was carried out on the animals in the sweet itch group at the initial and final examinations.
The CpG-GNP treatment regimen used in this study demonstrated a significant positive effect on the clinical symptoms of sweet itch in the treated horses and ponies over the entire course of the study. The symptoms and eczema scores were determined by the owners between the individual examination appointments at the home stables. In further studies, all test subjects were to be called in at the same time in order to ensure optimum comparability of symptomatic improvements under the same weather conditions. For logistical reasons, the stables should be located in the same region to ensure the weather conditions and the comparability of the SE symptoms during the care in the home stables. Furthermore, the expression of IL-4 should be determined comparatively both in serum samples and in skin biopsies from lesions. It should be checked whether the measurement in skin biopsies of affected horses is the more meaningful diagnostic method for the clinical picture of sweet itch. Furthermore, the determination of additional or other cytokines should also be considered in order to verify and reliably prove the modulation of the immune reactions of SE patients.
In the in vitro part of the study, no reliable statement on the immunomodulatory effect of CpG-GNP could be made for cell proliferation and for the expression of the specific cytokines due to the unexpected observations and implausible results. For example, the concentrations of eIL-4, eIL-10 and eIFN-γ increased statistically significantly after treatment of the summer eczema patients, depending on the respective concentration of CpG-GNP, CpG-ODN and GNP. The PBMC also showed a concentration-dependent stimulation by CpG-ODN, CpGGNP and GNP after incubation. Gelatine nanoparticles are used as an immunologically inert transport system. An immunomodulatory influence of GNP has not yet been described. Based on the observations and results, two assumptions were made with regard to the causes. The first assumption included a lack of sterility as the cause of the immunomodulatory influence of GNP, while the second assumption assumed the cause to be the properties of the A-gelatine used. Further studies would be useful to investigate these assumptions and the potential immunomodulatory influence of gelatine or gelatine nanoparticles using different types of gelatine.
Autor*in
Ulrike Külz-Meierkord
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Pferde Sommerekzem entzündungshemmende Eigenschaften entzündungshemmende Mittel kutane Anwendung Nanopartikel Interleukin 4 Therapie horses sweet itch antiinflammatory properties antiinflammatory agents cutaneous application nanoparticles therapy