Microwave vacuum electronic devices (MVEDs) are highly efficient network elements for radio frequency (RF) applications. A modulated flow of electrons amplifies, modifies, or induces electromagnetic (EM) energy to achieve a specific functionality. MVEDs are inherently more efficient compared to solid-state electronics (SSE), because electrons propagate through vacuum in place of bulk material.
Especially in radar and space applications MVEDs are the dominant technology. High-power capabilities as well as high reliability and resilience against radiation and temperature variation make them difficult to replace, especially at high frequencies.
Sascha Meyne
EM Folded-Waveguide Delay Lines MVEDs Microwave vacuum electronic devices RF SSE Traveling-Wave Tubes