A Homogeneous, Two-Dimensional Fermi Gas
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Beschreibung
This thesis reports on the first experimental realization and study of homogeneous ultracold two-dimensional atomic Fermi gases.
The atoms are confined radially by a ring potential which is generated using a novel optical setup consisting of three axicons.
With the ability to imprint arbitrary potentials using a digital micromirror device, the 2D samples can be manipulated locally, allowing to measure the equation of state (EOS), and thus the temperature, of a homogeneous ideal Fermi gas.
For the measurement of the EOS the development of a new and robust method to calibrate high intensity absorption imaging was crucial.
The in-situ density measurements were complemented by investigating the momentum distribution of 6Li Fermi gases in the crossover ranging from the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-phase to Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer-superfluidity.
This was facilitated by the implementation of a procedure to map momentum-space to position-space for both, non-interacting and interacting gases, using matter wave focusing.
For a non-interacting Fermi gas, Pauli blocking was directly witnessed in the unity occupation of single particle momentum states, while a strongly interacting gas of bosonic 6Li2 dimers featured a macroscopic occupation of low momentum modes.
The ability to accurately measure both, the position- and the momentum-space distribution, represents an ideal starting point for further investigations such as the study of Cooper-pair correlations in momentum space.
Autor*in
Klaus M. Hueck
Themen in »A Homogeneous, Two-Dimensional Fermi Gas«
Quantum Gas Microscope Ultracold Fermi Gas Quantum Mechanics