Particle Detection with Drift Chambers
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Beschreibung
This volume presents a thorough introduction to the theory and operation of drift chambers, one of the most important modern methods of elementary particle detection. The topics, presented in a text-book style with many illustrations, include the basics of gas ionization, electronic drift and signal creation and discuss in depth the fundamental limits of accuracy and the issue of particle identification.
The book also surveys all types of drift chambers and the various drift-chamber gases in use. The calculation of the device parameters and physical processes are presented in some detail, as is all necessary background material. Thus the treatment, well byeond addressing the specialist in the field, is well suited to graduate physics students and nuclear engineers seeking a both thorough and pedagogical introduction to the field.
The second edition presents an thoroughly revised and updated version of this classic text and includes a new chapter on electronic amplification and signal shaping.
A drift chamber is an apparatus for measuring the space coordinates of the trajectory of a charged particle. This is achieved by detecting the ionization electrons produced by the charged particle in the gas of the chamber and by measuring their drift times and arrival positions on sensitive electrodes. When the multiwire proportional chamber, or 'Charpak cham ber' as we used to call it, was introduced in 1968, its authors had already noted that the time of a signal could be useful for a coordinate determination, and first studies with a drift chamber were made by Bressani, Charpak, Rahm and ZupanCic in 1969. When the first operational drift-chamber system with electric circuitry and readout was built by Walenta, Heintze and Schiirlein in 1971, a new instrument for particle experiments had appeared. A broad study of the behaviour of drifting electrons in gases began in laboratories where there was interest in the detection of particles. Diffusion and drift of electrons and ions in gases were at that time well-established subjects in their own right. The study of the influ ence of magnetic fields on these processes was completed in the 1930s and all fundamental equations were contained in the article by W.P. Allis in the Encyclopedia of Physics [ALL 56]. It did not take very long until the particle physicists learnt to apply the methods of the Maxwell-Boltzmann equations and of the electron-swarm experi ments that had been developed for the study of atomic properties.
Autor*in
Walter Blum
Themen in »Particle Detection with Drift Chambers«
Drift basics drift chambers electron electronics elementary particle ion measurement nuclear electronics particle identification particles wire grids