The carbon cathode pot used in Hall-Héroult aluminium electrolysis deteriorates due to chemical reactions and physical changes during start up and operation. Although a properly designed and operated cell can last for 8 to 10 years, the physical and chemical deterioration often shortens cell life causing more frequent expenses for relining. Combining knowledge from fundamental principles, laboratory experiments and plant experience, the present book discusses why early failure occurs and how to prevent it.
Harald Oeye