The Synthetic Nitrogen Industry in World War I

Beschreibung

This concise brief describes how the demands of World War I, often referred to as the Chemists’ War, led to the rapid emergence of a new key industry based on fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. Then, as now, nitrogen products, including nitric acid, and nitrates, were essential for both fertilizers and in the manufacture of modern explosives. During the first decade of the twentieth century, this stimulated research into and application of novel processes. This book illustrates how from late 1914 the relations and developments in the first modern military-industrial complex enabled the great capital expenditures and technological advances that accelerated massive expansion, particularly of the BASF Haber-Bosch high-pressure process, that determined the direction of the post-war chemical industry. 
This concise brief describes how the demands of World War I, often referred to as the Chemists’ War, led to the rapid emergence of a new key industry based on fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. Then, as now, nitrogen products, including nitric acid, and nitrates, were essential for both fertilizers and in the manufacture of modern explosives. During the first decade of the twentieth century, this stimulated research into and application of novel processes. This book illustrates how from late 1914 the relations and developments in the first modern military-industrial complex enabled the great capital expenditures and technological advances that accelerated massive expansion, particularly of the BASF Haber-Bosch high-pressure process, that determined the direction of the post-war chemical industry. 
Describes the effects of wartime requirements for unprecedented amounts of explosives on German chemical research and industry during World War I Illustrates the historical development of all major processes aimed at nitrogen fixation for peacetime and military use Delineates the critical roles of Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch and other German chemists in the first modern military-industrial complex Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

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Anthony S. Travis

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Adolph Frank BASF Carl Bosch Cyanamide Fritz Haber High Pressure Chemistry Nikodem Caro Nitric Acid Synthetic Ammonia

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