This open access book includes the refereed selected papers of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design.Catalytic Interfaces, CAAD Futures 2025, held in Hong Kong, China, during July 2–4, 2025.
The 31 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 400 submissions. CAAD Futures under the theme Catalytic Interfaces promotes the advancement of Computer Aided Architectural Design in the service of those concerned with the quality of the built environment.
Kristof Crolla
Open Access Computational design Artificial intelligence in architecture Generative design Floor plan generation Design evaluation and benchmarking Large language models Graph neural networks Multi-agent systems BIM and digital twins Urban analytics Spatial morphology Human–AI collaboration Robotic fabrication Digital fabrication workflows