Item Songs and their Audiences

Beschreibung

This book investigates one of Bollywood’s most controversial yet ubiquitous media forms – the “item number” – a hyper-sexual, erotic song-and-dance genre, through the lived experiences of its audiences. It examines how desire, fantasy, shame, and aspiration are negotiated through everyday acts of listening and viewing, rather than assuming fixed meanings of erotic spectacle. Drawing on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with Assamese youth aged 18–25, the book challenges dominant narratives that reduce item numbers to either feminist reclamation or patriarchal exploitation. Instead, it foregrounds the contradictory, affective, and contextual ways audiences engage with sexualized performance, positioning the item number as a site of contestation where cultural norms around gender, sexuality, and morality are both reinforced and contested. The book makes four key interventions: it reveals heterogeneous reception patterns, uses a multisensory framework of media engagement, examines the congruent existence of desire and anxiety, and unfurls the regional adaptation of Bollywood item songs within Assamese identity and cultural politics. By centering youth from Northeast India, a region largely absent from mainstream media scholarship, the book also intends to expand the geographic and epistemic scope of South Asian reception studies. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of media and film studies, feminist theory, cultural studies, as well as readers interested in youth culture, popular music, and audience reception studies in the Global South.

Simona Sarma holds a Ph.D. from the Advanced Centre for Women’s Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai. Her research lies at the intersection of gender, media, and cultural studies, with a particular focus on performative forms such as music, cinema, and humor. Her work has been published in the International Journal of Cultural Studies, Feminist Media Studies, Folklore, Economic and Political Weekly, and the Journal of Creative Communications, as well as in edited volumes published by Routledge. She has been a Visiting Scholar at the South Asia Institute, the University of Texas at Austin during the period 2025-26, where this book took its final shape. She currently works in market research, bringing academic rigour and qualitative research expertise into industry.

This book investigates one of Bollywood’s most controversial yet ubiquitous media forms – the “item number” – a hyper-sexual, erotic song-and-dance genre, through the lived experiences of its audiences. It examines how desire, fantasy, shame, and aspiration are negotiated through everyday acts of listening and viewing, rather than assuming fixed meanings of erotic spectacle. Drawing on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with Assamese youth aged 18–25, the book challenges dominant narratives that reduce item numbers to either feminist reclamation or patriarchal exploitation. Instead, it foregrounds the contradictory, affective, and contextual ways audiences engage with sexualized performance, positioning the item number as a site of contestation where cultural norms around gender, sexuality, and morality are both reinforced and contested. The book makes four key interventions: it reveals heterogeneous reception patterns, uses a multisensory framework of media engagement, examines the congruent existence of desire and anxiety, and unfurls the regional adaptation of Bollywood item songs within Assamese identity and cultural politics. By centering youth from Northeast India, a region largely absent from mainstream media scholarship, the book also intends to expand the geographic and epistemic scope of South Asian reception studies. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of media and film studies, feminist theory, cultural studies, as well as readers interested in youth culture, popular music, and audience reception studies in the Global South.

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Simona Sarma

Themen in »Item Songs and their Audiences«

Bollywood item numbers Youth audiences and media reception in India Sound and listening practices in popular cinema Northeast India and regional reception cultures Popular music and identity formation in South Asia Erotic song-and-dance genre in Hindi cinema Audience reception of Bollywood item songs Multisensory analysis of music and performance Erotic performance and moral discourse in cinema Gender, sexuality, and desire in Bollywood music Gendered spectatorship in Bollywood cinema Aurality and sound in Hindi cinema

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