Applications of Vector Analysis and Complex Variables in Engineering
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Beschreibung
This textbook presents the application of mathematical methods and theorems to solve engineering problems, rather than focusing on mathematical proofs. Applications of Vector Analysis and Complex Variables in Engineering explains the mathematical principles in a manner suitable for engineering students, who generally think quite differently than students of mathematics. The objective is to emphasize mathematical methods and applications, rather than emphasizing general theorems and principles, for which the reader is referred to the literature.
This textbook presents the application of mathematical methods and theorems tosolve engineering problems, rather than focusing on mathematical proofs. Applications of Vector Analysis and Complex Variables in Engineering explains the mathematical principles in a manner suitable for engineering students, who generally think quite differently than students of mathematics. The objective is to emphasize mathematical methods and applications, rather than emphasizing general theorems and principles, for which the reader is referred to the literature. Vector analysis plays an important role in engineering, and is presented in terms of indicial notation, making use of the Einstein summation convention. This text differs from most texts in that symbolic vector notation is completely avoided, as suggested in the textbooks on tensor algebra and analysis written in German by Duschek and Hochreiner, in the 1960s.
The defining properties of vector fields, the divergence and curl, are introduced in terms of fluid mechanics. The integral theorems of Gauss (the divergence theorem), Stokes, and Green are introduced also in the context of fluid mechanics. The final application of vector analysis consists of the introduction of non-Cartesian coordinate systems with straight axes, the formal definition of vectors and tensors. The stress and strain tensors are defined as an application.
Partial differential equations of the first and second order are discussed. Two-dimensional linear partial differential equations of the second order are covered, emphasizing the three types of equation: hyperbolic, parabolic, and elliptic. The hyperbolic partial differential equations have two real characteristic directions, and writing the equations along these directions simplifies the solution process. The parabolic partial differential equations have two coinciding characteristics; this gives useful information regarding the character of the equation, but does not help in solving problems. The elliptic partial differential equations do not have real characteristics. In contrast to most texts, rather than abandoning the idea of using characteristics, here the complex characteristics are determined, and the differential equations are written along these characteristics. This leads to a generalized complex variable system, introduced by Wirtinger. The vector field is written in terms of a complex velocity, and the divergence and the curl of the vector field is written in complex form, reducing both equations to a single one.
Complex variable methods are applied to elliptical problems in fluid mechanics, and linear elasticity.
The techniques presented for solving parabolic problems are the Laplace transform and separation of variables, illustrated for problems of heat flow and soil mechanics. Hyperbolic problems of vibrating strings and bars, governed by the wave equation are solved by the method of characteristics as well as by Laplace transform.
The method of characteristics for quasi-linear hyperbolic partial differential equations is illustrated for the case of a failing granular material, such as sand, underneath a strip footing.
The Navier Stokes equations are derived and discussed in the final chapter as an illustration of a highly non-linear set of partial differential equations and the solutions are interpreted by illustrating the role of rotation (curl) in energy transfer of a fluid.
Application of indicial notation to vectors and tensors, applying this to fluid mechanics to provide physical interpretation Derivation of complex variables in general terms, viewing them as a non-Cartesian coordinate transformation. This derivation uses the coordinate transformations presented earlier in the text using indicial notation (covariant and contra variant vector components) Applications of the first and second order partial differential equations in engineering. The applications of second order partial differential equations are to fluid mechanics, groundwater flow, heat flow, linear elasticity, and soil mechanics Treatment of singularities in elliptic partial differential equations, and discontinuities in hyperbolic partial differential equations Quasi-linear partial differential equations of the second order Applications of series expansions to obtain solutions to a multitude of elements in problems of groundwater flow. This application is usually given to the students as their final project
Autor*in
Otto D. L. Strack
Themen in »Applications of Vector Analysis and Complex Variables in Engineering«
Tensor analysis Complex variables Material-time derivative Indicial notation Wirtinger calculus Vector analysis Fluid mechanics Linear elasticity Soil mechanics Singularities Discontinuities
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“Geared towards researchers and students seeking to harness mathematical theory for real-world problem-solving, the book offers a wealth of constructive mathematical results, presented through both straightforward and intricate formulas. These formulas are complemented by lucid physical explanations and insightful illustrations, enhancing the reader’s understanding.” (Vladimir Mityushev, zbMATH 1521.76002, 2023)
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