Human Nature and Conduct
Philosophie pragmatiste et intelligence
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Beschreibung
« Human Nature and Conduct » by John Dewey, published in 1922, examines the relationship between human nature and social behavior through the lens of pragmatist philosophy. Dewey breaks down human conduct into three fundamental elements: habit (behavior shaped by social repetition), impulse (innate driving forces), and intelligence (the creative capacity for adaptation).
Dewey rejects traditional dichotomies such as instinct versus reason, proposing instead an integrated vision in which human beings, shaped by their environment, use intelligence as a tool to address moral and social challenges proactively. He demonstrates how collective habits form the basis of social cohesion, while intelligence allows individuals to transform impulses into ethical and innovative actions.
This major work explicitly links ethics and democracy, arguing that a just society emerges when education fosters critical intelligence, enabling individuals to overcome dogma and act for the common good. The book naturally fits within the fields of pragmatist philosophy, social psychology, and applied ethics.
Autor*in
John Dewey
John Dewey (1859.1952) was an influential American philosopher and educator, central to the development of pragmatist philosophy and progressive education. After graduating from Johns Hopkins University, he taught at the University of Chicago and Columbia University, developing ideas that bridged philosophy, psychology, and social reform.
His works, including « Human Nature and Conduct » (1922) and « Democracy and Education » (1916), revolutionized pedagogy by advocating for experiential learning and intelligence as tools for democratic empowerment. Dewey promoted an ethics grounded in empirical facts and envisioned a society where collective habit and critical intelligence work together to solve social problems.
Recognized as the father of modern education, his legacy continues to influence pragmatist philosophy, social sciences, and movements for social justice.
Themen in »Human Nature and Conduct«
Pragmatist philosophy Habit intelligence ethics Democracy